The Canadian Food Inspection Agency has long completed pest risk analyses (PRAs) to prevent the introduction and spread of plant pests of quarantine concern to Canada; mostly resulting from non-native pests. The NFPS PRA framework was developed to address the broader range of pests – alien, naturalized and native – and resource values at risk, as well as to promote a common approach to estimating such risks to Canadian forests. The framework is flexible, adaptable and transparent, thereby facilitating use across the country.